Quantum wells are thin layers of a material that confine particles such as electrons, holes, or photons in the other two dimensions, creating a quantized energy level spectrum. Quantum wells are an important research area in the field of nanotechnology and semiconductor physics, as they have unique properties that can be utilized in various applications, such as lasers, detectors, and transistors. Researchers study the electronic and optical properties of quantum wells to understand their behavior and exploit their potential for developing advanced electronic and photonic devices.